Energy Efficiency in Critical Times: Security, Economics, and Transition provides a holistic perspective on energy policy analysis and development, in a global context and covering economic, security, and technological aspects. Part I of this book begins by focusing on economic policy for energy systems, before moving on in Part II to consider impacts of policy for technological system advancement such as vehicle electrification and renewable energy integration. Part III demonstrates techniques for analysis of major events, including the huge ramifications of the COVID-19 pandemic, and Russia's 2022 invasion of Ukraine. Finally, Part IV specifically focuses on energy trading across borders. Including cutting-edge analyses of recent crises and close assessment of needs specific to lower-income countries, Energy Efficiency in Critical Times provides researchers, policymakers, and students with an essential guide to energy policy for a secure and sustainable future.