This research collection focuses on language study trends following the COVID-19 pandemic. The book is organized into ten chapters. Chapter I includes teaching beliefs and practices regarding pronunciation. Chapter II examines perfectionism and its relation to second language (L2) performance. Chapter III develops a self-reported instrument to determine the existence of gelotophobia in the English Language Teaching (ELT) field. Chapter IV discusses the deconstruction of human and nonhuman distinctions in the post-cyberpunk and posthumanist context. Chapter V analyzes "surely" and "certainly" as two modal adverbs expressing conviction. Chapter VI focuses on Polish and Turkish relative clauses to reject the traditional, homogeneous approach to appositive relative clause (ARC) research. Chapter VII examines teacher motivation after the COVID-19 pandemic. Chapter VIII scrutinizes the technological knowledge level of pre-service ELT teachers. Chapter IX describes the cultural orientations of minority groups and the perceived influence of the media. As the final chapter, Chapter X investigates the effect of speaking anxiety on student talking time.
