The book provides the most recent technology for sensing and automation in apple production cycle in terms of bagging robotics, flower pollination robotics, pruning robotics, and harvest robotics. It does not only summarize the development of technology progress, but also discuss the future trend for unmanned apple production cycle. Though apple production still mainly relies on manual labor, a huge number of innovative technologies emerge during the past years, which pave the road for unmanned apple orchard management. A book summarizing all these new and innovative technologies is needed, to provide an easy approach to understand this field quickly and comprehensively, which drives the publication of this book. This book is a useful reference for students, researchers, and practitioners in the field of apple production.
