The Mayor of Casterbridge explores themes of fate, guilt, and the relentless pursuit of redemption through the tragic character of Michael Henchard. Set in the fictional town of Casterbridge, the novel follows Henchard's rise and fall, beginning with his impulsive decision to sell his wife and daughter, leading to his eventual ruin. Henchard's complex character, marked by his pride and temper, drives the narrative, as Hardy delves into the human condition against the backdrop of a changing rural England. The novel is a poignant examination of the consequences of one's past actions and the inexorable nature of fate.

The Mayor of Casterbridge is highly regarded for its depiction of the tragic life of Michael Henchard and the portrayal of a fictional rural England. Set in Hardy's constructed Wessex, mirroring Dorchester, Dorset, the novel stands out as one of Hardy's masterpieces, illustrating his childhood memories and the region's landscape. Its historical significance lies in its detailed setting and complex character study, offering insight into 19th-century life and social dynamics.