This volume contains the proceedings of the AMS-EMS-SMF Special Session on Advances in Functional Analysis and Operator Theory, held July 18-22, 2022, at the Universite de Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France. The papers reflect the modern interplay between differential equations, functional analysis, operator algebras, and their applications from the dynamics to quantum groups to number theory. Among the topics discussed are the Sturm-Liouville and boundary value problems, axioms of quantum mechanics, $C^{*}$-algebras and symbolic dynamics, von Neumann algebras and low-dimensional topology, quantum permutation groups, the Jordan algebras, and the Kadison-Singer transforms.