This book explores the ethical and legal dilemmas of nanotechnology with a focus on human rights. As in nanotechnology and nanomedicine, it utilizes a similar approach in law to address present and future issues in nanotechnology that looks to past and present law with new understanding to not only prepare for the future but address existing contemporary issues - a 'Janus Approach'. Nanotechnology brings unprecedented technological revolution. However, it comes with heightened ethical and legal concerns. Nanotechnology is now present in every aspect of life, without full public awareness. Some branches of nanotechnology utilize human DNA, and affect humans in a multitude of unprecedented ways. Legal and ethical issues have been long discussed, they tend to be managed in individual fields, rather than taken as a whole.Ethical concerns are especially important for vulnerable populations such as targeted minority groups or people from the Global South. This book provides a realistic minimalist ethical solution that can be applied to any situation, utilizing a human rights-based approach for universal application. This encompasses ethics based on Aristotelian principles into technology and the public good. The book includes case examples addressing past, present and future concerns.