Through analysing banking systems, this book develops a unique conceptual framework for exploring paradigmatic differences and evolutionary paths amidst global transformations. This framework sheds light on the institutional context shaping modern macroeconomic processes. Additionally, it elucidates how commercial banks execute intermediary functions globally, refining methodologies to enhance banking system efficiency and competitiveness.The book argues that EU banking systems underwent transformational processes preceding the European Monetary System, driving regulatory harmonization and consolidation. Conversely, shifts in the US banking sector reduced its role in financial intermediation. However, the Canadian banking system maintained its market prominence, boasting robust competitiveness and reliability. The resilience displayed during the 2008-2009 crisis led to expanded activities in Islamic banking institutions. The monograph is a valuable resource for higher education institutions, transnational corporations, and international banks, offering insights into the evolving landscape of banking systems in the face of global change.
