"The Unknown Masterpiece" ("Le Chef-d'oeuvre inconnu" in French) is a novella written by the French author Honore de Balzac, first published in 1831. It is one of the most celebrated works in Balzac's vast literary oeuvre and is considered a masterpiece of French literature.

The story is set in the world of 17th-century Parisian artistry, primarily focusing on the character of the aging painter Frenhofer, who is obsessed with creating the perfect masterpiece. Frenhofer's relentless pursuit of artistic perfection has consumed his life, leading him to seclude himself in his studio and withdraw from society.

The plot unfolds as two younger painters, Poussin and Porbus, visit Frenhofer to see his latest work. They are astounded by the beauty of the painting but are perplexed by Frenhofer's unwillingness to reveal the entire canvas, which he claims is not yet finished. As the story progresses, Frenhofer becomes increasingly consumed by his obsession, driving him to madness and despair.

Through Frenhofer's character and his relentless quest for artistic perfection, Balzac explores themes of creativity, obsession, and the elusive nature of genius. The novella delves into the tension between artistic ambition and the harsh realities of human existence, as well as the subjective nature of art and beauty.

"The Unknown Masterpiece" is renowned for its rich prose, vivid descriptions, and philosophical depth. It has been interpreted in various ways by scholars and critics over the years, with many considering it a profound meditation on the nature of art and the artist's struggle for creative expression.

The novella's enduring appeal lies in its exploration of timeless themes that continue to resonate with readers, making it a classic work of literature that remains relevant to contemporary discussions about art, creativity, and the human condition.